Explain characteristics of good hypothesis? Explain type 1 and type 2 errors? Level of significance? Variables in hypothesis? (MAY 18/ MAY 17) (10 Marks)

Explain characteristics of good hypothesis? Explain type 1 and type 2 errors? Level of significance? Variables in hypothesis? (MAY 18/ MAY 17) (10 Marks)

A hypothesis is a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. It is a specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study. For example, a study designed to look at the relationship between sleep deprivation and test performance might have a hypothesis that states, "This study is designed to assess the hypothesis that sleep-deprived people will perform worse on a test than individuals who are not sleep-deprived."

Characteristics of good hypothesis

1    .    Clear, specific and limited in scope

2    .    Simply stated

3    .    Consistent with the relevant objectives of research

4    .    Capable of being tested and related to available techniques

5    .    States the relationship between variables, if the study is designed for that

Variables

1    .    A variable is a characteristic of interest that varies from one item to another and may take any one of a specified set of values or attributes.

2    .    It can be defined as any characteristic of an individual or a thing under study.

3    .    In other words, it means some characteristics of each number of the unit that is to be studied such as income, age, test score, land holding, etc.

4    .    Any item or characteristic which can be observed or measured and whose observation or measurement will be useful for the study can be regarded as a variable for the study.

5   .    A variable can take on different values for different individuals. Ex:  Heights of individuals:  Student #1: 5’ 5” Student #2: 5’ 7” Student #3:  5’ 2”